Database (DBMS)

Database

Database is a collection of information that is organised so that it can be easily understand, managed and updated. 

Database Management System

Database Management System (DBMS) is a software to create and manage data. DBMS provides users and programmers with a systematic way to create, retrieve, update and manage data.

The DBMS manages three important things: the data, the database engine that allows data to be accessed, locked and modified -- and the database schema, which defines the database’s logical structure. These three foundational elements help provide concurrency, security, data integrity and uniform administration procedures. Typical database administration tasks supported by the DBMS include change management, performance monitoring/tuning and backup and recovery. Many database management systems are also responsible for automated rollbacks, restarts and recovery as well as the logging and auditing of activity.

Types of Table/ File

Database files store data in a structured format, organized into tables and fields. Individual entries within a database are called records. Databases are commonly used for storing data referenced by dynamic websites. Example of File: -

Database Record

The database record contain the information of a specific aspects. Example, registration of a person, include the phone number and name of the person, this will be recorded according to the aspect. Example: 

Field

In computer science, data that has several parts, known as a record, can be divided into fields. Relational databases arrange data as sets of database records, also called rows. Each record consists of several fields; the fields of all records form the columns. Examples of fields: name, gender, hair colour.

Report

A database report is the formatted result of database queries and contains useful data for decision-making and analysis.

Most good business applications contain a built-in reporting tool; this is simply a front-end interface that calls or runs back-end database queries that are formatted for easy application usage. For example, a banking software application may contain specifically defined reports on all customers with large deposits or reports on monthly loan summaries for all customers.

Query

A query is a request for data or information from a database table or combination of tables. This data may be generated as results returned by Structured Query Language (SQL) or as pictorials, graphs or complex results, e.g., trend analyses from data-mining tools.

One of several different query languages may be used to perform a range of simple to complex database queries. SQL, the most well-known and widely-used query language, is familiar to most database administrators (DBAs).

Primary Key

A primary key, also called a primary keyword, is a key in a relational database that is unique for each record. It is a unique identifier, such as a driver license number, telephone number (including area code), or vehicle identification number (VIN). A relational database must always have one and only one primary key.

Foreign Key

A foreign key is a field (or collection of fields) in one table that uniquely identifies a row of another table or the same table.In simpler words, the foreign key is defined in a second table, but it refers to the primary key or a unique key in the first table. For example, a table called Employees has a primary key called employee_id. 

Reference

https://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/definition/database

https://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/definition/database-management-system

https://fileinfo.com/filetypes/database

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwia_p7ApJHdAhWKQI8KHa0KApYQjhx6BAgBEAM&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.databasejournal.com%2Ffeatures%2Fmssql%2Farticle.php%2F3796551%2FSQL-Server-Database-File-IO-Report.htm&psig=AOvVaw2mmrc7AGNxV5yMw3AOhKMe&ust=1535598483500737

https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/R/record.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_(computer_science)

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24439/database-report

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/5736/query

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwizvtTWp5HdAhWDq48KHbhyCwMQjhx6BAgBEAM&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teach-ict.com%2Fas_a2_ict_new%2Focr%2FAS_G061%2F315_database_concepts%2Fterminology%2Fminiweb%2Fpg10.htm&psig=AOvVaw20DLfnrhlylDVAGu_ljLNN&ust=1535599331385851

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_key

https://msdnshared.blob.core.windows.net/media/MSDNBlogsFS/prod.evol.blogs.msdn.com/CommunityServer.Blogs.Components.WeblogFiles/00/00/00/99/37/metablogapi/1780.clip_image0014_thumb_193FA7C2.png